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The European Club Talent and Competition Landscape

This report is the second time UEFA’s Intelligence Centre has showcased the shape and format of the European football landscape and showcased the successes and challenges of the talent competing within European club football.

It goes beyond the headlines to provide granularity on subjects such as the impressive extent of match attendances, the current transfer trends, and details about player usage and head coach career pathways.

The UEFA Intelligence Centre landscape reports have long brought transparency to European football with the aim to support evidence-based planning and policymaking. For those of you that love football, why not explore further?

ATTENDANCES

Attendance growth was recorded across all levels of European football: men’s top-tier matches, lower-tier matches, domestic cups, UEFA club competitions and national team matches. In a world where social media is increasingly concentrated on the most famous clubs and their players, special attention should be paid to some of the extraordinary supporter numbers outside the top-tier leagues.

European club football experiences unprecedented attendance levels

76 million
[+11.7%]
Men’s lower-tier
league crowds

17 million
[+9.9%]
Men’s UEFA club
competition crowds

2.8 million
Women’s domestic
club competition crowds

0.7 million
UEFA Women’s
Champions League crowds

14 million
[+2.5%]
Men’s domestic
cup crowds

111 million
[+1.1%]
Men’s top-tier league crowds

221 million
Number of spectators in European club
football during the 2023/24 season

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221 million
Number of spectators in European club
football during the 2023/24 season

33 leagues recorded higher aggregate attendance levels than the previous season

16 clubs enjoyed home league attendance of more than 1 million

Spectator interest in European football extends beyond the top tier

BEST SUPPORTED CLUBS IN THE WORLD

Top 10

At the top of the pyramid, European clubs had a clean sweep of the top ten best supported clubs in the world.

RESILIENCE & PASSION

22 of 54

The resilience and passion of fans was never doubted but the strong majority of top tier leagues (33 of 54) enjoyed larger crowds than pre-pandemic.

PAID CROWD

68 mil.

Perhaps even more impressive are the 68 million crowds that paid to watch lower tier club football in Europe.

COMPETITIONS

The foundational strength of European football is the depth and breadth of the club pyramid, connecting the professional game to semi-professional and amateur football. The record attendance figures for lower-league clubs underline this.

Spectator interest in European football extends beyond the top tier

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2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

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2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season.

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season.

European lower-tier matches bring 76 million fans in attendance

Top tier

Third tier

Fourth tier

Fifth tier

Amateur level

Second tier

2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

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Amateur level

Fifth tier

Fourth tier

Third tier

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Second tier

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Top tier

European lower-tier matches bring 76 million fans in attendance

2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season.

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season.

2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

Amateur level

Fifth tier

Fourth tier

Third tier

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Second tier

Top tier

European lower-tier matches bring 76 million fans in attendance

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English Championship

23,000 Average spectators per match

2nd Highest average league attendance in world football last season

2. Bundesliga

29,000
Average spectators per match

4th Highest average league attendance in world football last season

2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

Amateur level

Fifth tier

Fourth tier

Third tier

Top tier

European lower-tier matches bring 76 million fans in attendance

Second tier

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2. Bundesliga

28,900

Average spectators per match

1th

Highest average league attendance in world football last season

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English Championship

22,900

Average spectators per match

1nd

Highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

Amateur

level

Fifth tier

Fourth tier

Third tier

Top tier

European lower-tier matches bring 76 million fans in attendance

Second tier

Blue, Azure, Rectangle, Violet, Font, Aqua
28,900

Average spectators per match

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2. Bundesliga

1th

Highest average league attendance in world football last season

22,900

Average spectators per match

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English Championship

1nd

Highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

Azure, Rectangle, Table, Triangle, Aqua, Font

Top tier

Third tier

Fourth tier

Fifth tier

Amateur level

European lower-tier matches bring 72 million fans in attendance

2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season

ENGLISH CHAMPIONSHIP

Average of over 23,000 specattors per match.

2nd highest aggregate league attendance in world football last season.

2. BUNDESLIGA

Average of over 29,000 spectators per match.

4th highest average league attendance in world football last season.

Second tier

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European lower-tier matches bring

65 million

fans in attendance

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European lower-tier matches bring

74,999,900

fans in attendance

Men‘s lower tier competition attendance in the Big 5

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England

23.4m
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Germany

14.2m
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Spain

7.6m

Italy

6.2m
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France

3.5m

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RECORD EARNINGS

39% increase

From last summers’ transfer earnings, with Saudi Arabian transfer spending helping European clubs earn more than ever before

TREND OF INVESTMENT IN YOUTH

68%

Of all transfers fees invested in players 23 or younger - a decade ago the share was less than 50%

ENG FLOW / LIQUIDITY

€2.7 billion

estimated English club gross transfer spend. Almost exactly the same as the other ‘big5’ countries combined.

KSA FLOW

€800 million

Saudi Arabian club net spend, joining the English clubs in providing a second large source of transfer profits for talent developers. All other major markets were net earners during the summer.

TRANSFER TRENDS

This summer has seen another transfer window with heavy investment, reflecting the confidence that has returned to the European club football market on the back of record club revenues. Overall, European club transfer spending was down on last summer, but for the first time since the pandemic, French, German and Italian clubs were net spenders.

Map, World

Club Liquidity

37%

of global transfers by fee involved one or both English clubs.

Trend of Investment in Youth

43%

of all transfer fees invested in players aged 23 and under

Average Deal Price

€14.0m

Average Premier League deal

Transfer Volumes

7.9

Number of signings at
top-tier clubs

Top ten summer transfer flows highlight dominance of Big 5 leagues

Club Liquidity

37%

of global transfers by fee involved one or both English clubs.

Trend of Investment in Youth

43%

of all transfer fees invested in players aged 23 and under

Average Deal Price

€14.0m

Average Premier League deal

Transfer Volumes

7.9%

Number of signings at
top-tier clubs

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TALENT LANDSCAPE

We analyse a cross section of 20 domestic leagues and UEFA club competitions, compiling data on squad regulation and player usage, which then supports discussions about player workload, match calendars, competition formats and rules, competitive balance and transfer and finance regulations.

Managing player workload

There is clear evidence that clubs are adapting their squad usage to manage player workloads with more players used, more substitutions made, and minutes spread wider across their squad.

20

Average number of players fielded by each club during their league season

Tableware, Sleeve, Gesture, Font, Serveware, T-shirt
1,320

more players fielded in the league compared to five seasons ago

Organism, Gesture, Insect, Violet, Font, Art
3.3

Average number of substitutions per team in top 20 leagues in 2023/24

60%

Average share of league minutes played by most used XI

Gesture, Font, Violet
Gesture, Font, Violet
60%

Average share of league minutes played by most used XI

Organism, Gesture, Insect, Violet, Font, Art
3.3

Average number of substitutions per team in top 20 leagues in 2023/24

HEAD COACHES IN WOMEN‘S FOOTBALL

This year’s analysis has been expanded to also provide insights on the women’s Big 5 league and UEFA Champions League head coaches.

Head coaches in women’s football have a lower dismissal rate, suggesting that clubs in women's football are more committed to long-term development.

Vast majority of Big 5 head coaches work in their own country

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Première
League

90%
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Primera Division Femenina

84%

Seria A Femminile

72%
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Frauen
Bundesliga

63%
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Women’s Super League

36%
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10%

of head coaches were at a club from their own country

Career Profile of head coaches in the UEFA Women‘s Champion‘s League

78%

of head coaches were at a club from their own country

4.3 years

Average career length in women‘s football

15%

of head coaches started their career in men‘s football

COUNTRY KPIs

The report covers much more than just the biggest clubs and leagues. More than 700 clubs per year are analysed providing a 360 degree snapshot that can be explored below.

Iceland
Denmark
Norway
Sweden
Faroe Islands
Scotland
England
Wales
Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland
Portugal
Gibraltar
Spain
Andorra
France
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Germany
Finland
Russia
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Armenia
Georgia
Türkiye
Poland
Cyprus
Israel
Ukraine
Belarus
Lithuania
Latvia
Estonia
Slovakia
Hungary
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Kosovo
North Macedonia
Greece
Albania
Montenegro
Croatia
Slovenia
Austria
Czechia
Switzerland
San Marino
Italy
Malta
Romania
Moldova
Bulgaria
Serbia
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Click on each country to view

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Benchmark
statistics

Click on each country to view benchmark statistics